Ḥusām al-Dīn had asked him to follow the model of the poets ʿAṭṭār and Sanāʾi, who had laid down mystical teachings in long poems, interspersed with anecdotes, fables, stories, proverbs, and allegories. گویدم که انا الیه راجعون‎. Ironically, silence is the backbone of Rumi’s beliefs about music. [25][26] Translations of his works are very popular, most notably in Turkey, Azerbaijan, the United States, and South Asia. Rūmī’s use of Persian and Arabic in his poetry, in addition to some Turkish and less Greek, has resulted in his being claimed variously for Turkish literature and Persian literature, a reflection of the strength of his influence in Iran and Turkey. Then what should I fear? Baha' ud-Din became the head of a madrassa (religious school) and when he died, Rumi, aged twenty-five, inherited his position as the Islamic molvi. کل شیء هالک الا وجهه By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In other verses in the Masnavi, Rumi describes in detail the universal message of love: The lover's cause is separate from all other causes A voice said to him, "What will you give in return?" In the Mevlevi tradition, samāʿ represents a mystical journey of spiritual ascent through mind and love to the Perfect One. There is a famous landmark in Northern India, known as Rumi Gate, situated in Lucknow (the capital of Uttar Pradesh) named for Rumi. For nine years, Rumi practised Sufism as a disciple of Burhan ud-Din until the latter died in 1240 or 1241. آن را که شراب وصل جانان دادند RUMI: KING SOLOMAN and the ANGEL OF DEATH. Today, I’d like to share one of Rumi’s teaching stories. In the interpretation attributed to Shams, the first part of the verse commands the humanity to seek knowledge of tawhid (oneness of God), while the second instructs them to negate their own existence. The Mewlewī Sufis, also known as Whirling Dervishes, believe in performing their dhikr in the form of Sama. He. [98][99] Contemporary classical interpretations of his poetry are made by Muhammad Reza Shajarian, Shahram Nazeri, Davood Azad (the three from Iran) and Ustad Mohammad Hashem Cheshti (Afghanistan). One rubaiyat reads: در راه طلب عاقل و دیوانه یکی است Rūmī’s main work, the Mas̄navī-yi Maʿnavī, was composed under his influence. His Masnavi (Mathnawi), composed in Konya, is considered one of the greatest poems of the Persian language. Death may result from several pathologies that deviate from benign laughter. ), Banknote Museum: 7. So that I may lift up (my) head and wings (and soar) among the angels, He is widely known by the sobriquet Mawlānā/Molānā[1][5] (Persian: مولانا‎ Persian pronunciation: [moulɒːnɒ]) in Iran and popularly known as Mevlânâ in Turkey. Franklin Lewis, Rumi : Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings, and Poetry of Jalâl al-Din Rumi, 2000, pp. "This is the book of the Masnavi, and it is the roots of the roots of the roots of the (Islamic) Religion and it is the Explainer of the Qur'ân."[87]. Drink the wine of the Beloved! Archetype, 2010. I have been looking for myself![53]. "[59] Rumi's longing and desire to attain this ideal is evident in the following poem from his book the Masnavi:[60], از جمادی مُردم و نامی شدم Tajiks and Persian admirers still prefer to call Jalaluddin 'Balkhi' because his family lived in Balkh, current day in Afghanistan before migrating westward. In 1225, Rumi married Gowhar Khatun in Karaman. There is a loneliness more precious than life. Former Professor of Indo-Muslim Culture, Harvard University. Dedes, D. 1993. He was born either in Wakhsh,[4] a village on the Vakhsh River in present-day Tajikistan,[4] or in the city of Balkh, in present-day Afghanistan. Ironically today, as America shuts its doors to refugees, Rumi remains the best-selling poet in the United States. But who exactly was Rumi? … آنچ اندر وهم ناید آن شوم Rumi was born in Central Asia, most likely in present-day Tajikistan, near the border of Afghanistan. Nicholson’s text has 25,577 lines though the average medieval and early modern manuscripts contained around 27,000 lines, meaning the scribes added two thousand lines or about eight percent more to the poem composed by Rumi. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. For months the two mystics lived closely together, and Rūmī neglected his disciples and family so that his scandalized entourage forced Shams to leave the town in February 1246. Brill Online. [14] His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. [57], Georgian princess and Seljuq queen Gurju Khatun was a close friend of Rumi. Infinitely more precious than life and the world is that moment when one is alone with God.” — Rumi. Rūmī followed Ḥusām al-Dīn’s advice and composed nearly 26,000 couplets of the Mas̄navī during the following years. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Attar immediately recognized Rumi's spiritual eminence. March 21, 2016 . The quotation above the entrance to Rumi’s shrine reminds us: We come not because we are already formed, cooked, or mature, but because we aspire to become so. [107] In 1974, the Whirling Dervishes were permitted to travel to the West for the first time. He was laid to rest beside his father, and over his remains a shrine was erected. 634 (FB 5–6 n.3). This grand gathering of the intellectuals, diplomats, and followers of Mewlana was held in Kabul and in Balkh, the Mewlana's place of birth. Just as a memory refresher, all articles, e-books, images, links and reading materials listed in this Blog are solely for Educational purposes. I am the dust on the path of Muhammad, the Chosen one. The Mewlewī Sufi order was founded in 1273 by Rumi's followers after his death. What can I say in praise of that great one? [109] According to Annemarie Schimmel, the tendency among Shia authors to anachronistically include leading mystical poets such as Rumi and Attar among their own ranks, became stronger after the introduction of Twelver Shia as the state religion in the Safavid Empire in 1501.[110]. There, he realised: Why should I seek? "[50][51] Attar gave the boy his Asrārnāma, a book about the entanglement of the soul in the material world. [105] Music, especially that of the ney, plays an important part in the Mevlevi. [102] According to a legend, in Nīshāpūr, Iran, the family met Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār, a Persian mystical poet, who blessed young Jalāl al-Dīn. Jalāl al-Dīn is said to have undertaken one or two journeys to Syria (unless his contacts with Syrian Sufi circles were already established before his family reached Anatolia); there he may have met Ibn al-ʿArabī, the leading Islamic theosophist whose interpreter and stepson, Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qunawī, was Jalāl al-Dīn’s colleague and friend in Konya. (Franklin Lewis, "Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi," One World Publication Limited, 2008). On the night of 5 December 1248, as Rumi and Shams were talking, Shams was called to the back door. Rumi, however, asserts the supremacy of Islam by stating: "The Light of Muhammad has become a thousand branches (of knowledge), a thousand, so that both this world and the next have been seized from end to end. He brings all of those who are led astray into the Way out of the desert."[81]. It is the aim of the Mawlana Rumi Review to redress this carelessly inattentive approach to world literature, which is something far more serious than a minor faux pas committed by the Western literary imagination."[121]. The most complete genealogy offered for family stretches back only six or seven generations and cannot reach to Abu Bakr, the companion and first caliph of the Prophet, who died two years after the Prophet, in C.E. pp. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [58] The 13th century Mevlâna Mausoleum, with its mosque, dance hall, schools and living quarters for dervishes, remains a destination of pilgrimage to this day, and is probably the most popular pilgrimage site to be regularly visited by adherents of every major religion. They would fill their hearts from your work and compose music to accompany it." [61], Rumi's favourite musical instrument was the ney (reed flute).[15]. He called Ḥusām al-Dīn, therefore, Ḍiyāʾ al-Ḥaqq (“Light of the Truth”); ḍiyāʾ is the Arabic term for sunlight. – Rumi. After her death, Rumi married a woman believed to be a Christian, even though, at the time, Christian and Muslim warriors were entangled in bloody battles of the Crusades. Personality. As such, there are a number of historical personages born in or associated with Anatolia known as Rumi, a word borrowed from Arabic literally meaning 'Roman,' in which context Roman refers to subjects of the Byzantine Empire or simply to people living in or things associated with Anatolia. "), Franklin Lewis, Rumi: Past and Present, East and West, Oneworld Publications, 2008 (revised edition). “As Safa points out (Saf 2:1206) the Discourse reflect the stylistics of oral speech and lacks the sophisticated word plays, Arabic vocabulary and sound patterning that we would except from a consciously literary text of this period. The term مولوی Mawlawī/Mowlavi (Persian) and Mevlevi (Turkish), also of Arabic origin, meaning "my master", is also frequently used for him. I have never become less from dying. 90–92: "Baha al-Din’s disciples also traced his family lineage to the first caliph, Abu Bakr (Sep 9; Af 7; JNO 457; Dow 213). [23][24] His works are widely read today in their original language across Greater Iran and the Persian-speaking world. Bosworth, "Turkmen Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkmen must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time). An international ceremony and conference were held in Tehran; the event was opened by the Iranian president and the chairman of the Iranian parliament. Rumi's work has been translated into many of the world's languages, including Russian, German, Urdu, Turkish, Arabic, Bengali, French, Italian, and Spanish, and is being presented in a growing number of formats, including concerts, workshops, readings, dance performances, and other artistic creations. Rumi seems to believe that heroes who join teams are cowards, as they could just be relying on their teammates’ strength rather than their own. Today it is the official language of, Education and encounters with Shams-e Tabrizi, Ritter, H.; Bausani, A. I died to the animal state and became a man, [94] Shahram Shiva book "Rending the Veil: Literal and Poetic Translations of Rumi" (1995, HOHM Press) is the recipient of the Benjamin Franklin Award. [44] Upon his death, his followers and his son Sultan Walad founded the Mevlevi Order, also known as the Order of the Whirling Dervishes, famous for the Sufi dance known as the Sama ceremony. Opinion. There has been no official confirmation that this was the case. Majid M. Naini, The Mysteries of the Universe and Rumi's Discoveries on the Majestic Path of Love, Universal Vision & Research, 2002, Rumi's Tasawwuf and Vedanta by R.M. Omissions? How is it that a Persian boy born almost eight hundred years ago in Khorasan, the northeastern province of greater Iran, in a region that we identify today as Central Asia, but was considered in those days as part of the Greater Persian cultural sphere, wound up in Central Anatolia on the receding edge of the Byzantine cultural sphere, in which is now Turkey, من چه گویم وصف آن عالی‌جناب — نیست پیغمبر ولی دارد کتاب, مثنوی معنوی مولوی — هست قرآن در زبان پهلوی. In truth, the pearly verse of the poem combines the Canon Law of Islam (sharīʿa) with the Sufi Path (ṭarīqa) and the Divine Reality (ḥaqīqa); the author's [Rūmī] achievement belongs to God in his bringing together of the Law (sharīʿa), the Path, and the Truth in a way that includes critical intellect, profound thought, a brilliant natural temperament, and integrity of character that is endowed with power, insight, inspiration, and illumination. p. 306: "The manuscripts versions differ greatly in the size of the text and orthography. The Mewlānā festival is held over two weeks in December; its culmination is on 17 December, the Urs of Mewlānā (anniversary of Rumi's death), called Šabe Arūs (شب عروس) (Persian meaning "nuptial night"), the night of Rumi's union with God. Rumi spent the next twelve years of his life in Anatolia dictating the six volumes of this masterwork, the Masnavi, to Hussam. مُردم از حیوانی و آدم شدم However our souls are eternal and are always safe. Shams replied, "My head!" Another metaphor Rumi was so fond of is ripening. Jalāl al-Dīn’s father, Bahāʾ al-Dīn Walad, was a noted mystical theologian, author, and teacher. [45] For example, Professor Franklin Lewis of the University of Chicago, author of the most complete biography on Rumi, has separate sections for the hagiographical biography of Rumi and the actual biography about him. This meeting had a deep impact on the eighteen-year-old Rumi and later on became the inspiration for his works. [106], In the 1950s, the Turkish government began allowing the Whirling Dervishes to perform once a year in Konya. Our Thoughts: Pursue your passions. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. When the Mongols invaded Central Asia sometime between 1215 and 1220, Baha ud-Din Walad, with his whole family and a group of disciples, set out westwards. p. 44:“Baha al-Din’s father, Hosayn, had been a religious scholar with a bent for asceticism, occupied like his own father before him, Ahmad, with the family profession of preacher (khatib). Tahsin Yazıcı, Ankara 1953, i, Önsöz, 44). The family, however, could not tolerate the close relation of Jalāl al-Dīn with his beloved, and one night in 1247 Shams disappeared forever. At the next charge (forward) I will die to human nature, [2][35], Greater Balkh was at that time a major centre of Persian culture[24][34][36] and Sufism had developed there for several centuries. The jurist and proficient teacher became an abstinent. Rumi found another companion in Salaḥ ud-Din-e Zarkub, a goldsmith. Mumbai, August 20 The Enforcement Directorate (ED) on Thursday recorded the statement of filmmaker Rumi Jaffery in connection with a money laundering case probe linked to the death of actor Sushant S Rumi, in this body and life quote, is expressing that our bodies are just customs, garments or vehicles that our souls are wearing. I believe Rumi's youngest son who had a special closeness to Kimia, committed honor killing on Shams for causing her death. Die griechischen Verse in Rabâbnâma. Dr Khalifa Abdul Hakim, "The metaphysics of Rumi: A critical and historical sketch", Lahore: The Institute of Islamic Culture, 1959. Rumi's teachings also express the tenets summarized in the Quranic verse which Shams-e Tabrizi cited as the essence of prophetic guidance: "Know that ‘There is no god but He,’ and ask forgiveness for your sin" (Q. [89], The Sufi is hanging on to Muhammad, like Abu Bakr.[90]. His discipline and wisdom have crossed all national and ethnic borders ever since the 13th century. Looking for popular and famous Rumi quotes or sayings? According to hagiographical account which is not agreed upon by all Rumi scholars, Rumi encountered one of the most famous mystic Persian poets, Attar, in the Iranian city of Nishapur, located in the province of Khorāsān. [56], Like other mystic and Sufi poets of Persian literature, Rumi's poetry speaks of love which infuses the world. The prose works are divided into The Discourses, The Letters, and the Seven Sermons. 54, (2004), 97; With the growth of Seljuk power in Rum, a more highly developed Muslim cultural life, based on the Persianate culture of the Great Seljuk court, was able to take root in Anatolia. Pathophysiology. The mother of Rumi was Mu'mina Khātūn. In the 20th century it was established that Shams was indeed murdered, not without the knowledge of Rūmī’s sons, who hurriedly buried him close to a well that is still extant in Konya.